Painted aluminum
<div class="div_addlDim"><span class="gray">Brushstroke A:</span> 360 x 39 3/8 x 9 in. (914.4 x 100 x 22.9 cm)</div><div class="div_addlDim"><span class="gray">Brushstroke B:</span> 480 x 79 x 115 in. (1219.2 x 200.7 x 292.1 cm)</div><div class="div_addlDim"><span class="gray">Brushstroke C1:</span> 164 1/2 x 155 3/4 x 8 in. (417.8 x 395.6 x 20.3 cm)</div><div class="div_addlDim"><span class="gray">Brushstroke C2:</span> 110 1/2 x 186 1/4 x 8 in. (280.7 x 473.1 x 20.3 cm)</div><div class="div_addlDim"><span class="gray">Brushstroke D:</span> 240 x 94 x 8 in. (609.6 x 238.8 x 20.3 cm)</div><div class="div_addlDim"><span class="gray">Element E:</span> 348 x 71 x 9 in. (883.9 x 180.3 x 22.9 cm)</div><div class="div_addlDim"><span class="gray">Brushstroke F:</span> 300 x 138 x 8 in. (762 x 350.5 x 20.3 cm)</div>
Each brushstroke signed on edge: rf Lichtenstein
Classification: sculpture (unique)

Sculpture (Unique)

Catalogue entries for unique sculpture describe non-editioned, three-dimensional works. 

Most of Lichtenstein’s unique sculptures are models, prototypes and maquettes leading to editioned sculptures. Starting in the mid-1970s, Lichtenstein would prepare a design (collage or foamcore maquette) for a sculpture edition, which would be made into a wooden maquette by the builder Carlos Ramos. The maquette was sometimes modified further and eventually approved by the artist, painted by the artist’s assistant James dePasquale and sent to the fabricator of the edition. 

For more information see: 4.9 SCULPTURE (EDITIONED).

Entries classified as sculpture (unique) (wall) are wall-mounted works. Sculpture (trial) describes unique, working prototypes made by the fabricator of a sculpture edition.

Whether a sculpture is considered a model, prototype, maquette or trial is indicated in the title. Terms used are:

(Model)
for an early preparatory sculpture by the artist (except for RLCR 4629 and RLCR 4630, ordered by the artist from different builders)

(Prototype)
for a preparatory sculpture, usually made of wood by the builder Carlos Ramos, approved by the artist and then sent to the fabricator for demonstration of the intended design and size

(Maquette)
for a preparatory sculpture smaller than the final large-scale work, sent to the fabricator for demonstration of the intended design 

(Trial)
for prototypes, or test pieces made by fabricators during production

Dates

The artist usually did not sign or date maquettes, prototypes and models. Artwork dates in the entries were based on a range of materials in the RLF Archives, e.g., invoices and pay stubs related to payments to Carlos Ramos or the respective builder, shipping log book entries, fabricator papers, etc. Sometimes they follow the dates of related preparatory works.

Media Lines

Media lines give the support material(s) and indicate if a work was painted. Excluded are methods of shaping and attachment.

Read more: Guide to the Catalogue
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Catalogue entry

Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Photographed in 2004
Photographed in 2004
Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Brushstroke A
Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Brushstroke A
Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Brushstroke B
Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Brushstroke C1
Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Brushstroke C2
Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Brushstroke D
Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Brushstroke E
Artwork: Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape, 1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997) (RLCR 4642)  Brushstroke F
RLCR 4642 (RL 1960.1-7; formerly RLCR 4642.1-7)
Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape
1996 (fabricated 1996, installed 1997)
Title Source
RLF
Alternate titles and sources: Singapore Brushstroke A–F (RL Studio Card); Six Brushstrokes and Landscape (RLF)
Media
Painted aluminum
For the brushstroke-shaped planting beds the artist chose the low-growing Ophiopogon Japonicus.
Dimensions
Brushstroke A: 360 x 39 3/8 x 9 in. (914.4 x 100 x 22.9 cm)
Brushstroke B: 480 x 79 x 115 in. (1219.2 x 200.7 x 292.1 cm)
Brushstroke C1: 164 1/2 x 155 3/4 x 8 in. (417.8 x 395.6 x 20.3 cm)
Brushstroke C2: 110 1/2 x 186 1/4 x 8 in. (280.7 x 473.1 x 20.3 cm)
Brushstroke D: 240 x 94 x 8 in. (609.6 x 238.8 x 20.3 cm)
Element E: 348 x 71 x 9 in. (883.9 x 180.3 x 22.9 cm)
Brushstroke F: 300 x 138 x 8 in. (762 x 350.5 x 20.3 cm)
Inscriptions
Each brushstroke signed on edge: rf Lichtenstein
Remarks

Singapore Brushstrokes and Landscape was commissioned by the Pontiac Land Group, Singapore, for Millenia, a downtown development completed in the late 1990s. The project manager was Sarina Tang of Sarina Tang Fine Art, New York City. The sculptures were fabricated in 1996 by Merrifield-Roberts, Inc., Bristol, Rhode Island, under project supervisor Paul Amaral. The work was installed in Summer 1997 and inaugurated in May 1998.

Seven painted aluminum sculptures, situated in a plaza flanked by two towers (designed by Kevin Roche and John Dinkeloo) and anchored by the Millenia Walk mall (designed by Philip Johnson and John Burgee), are positioned alongside low, brushstroke-shaped planters. For the planters, Lichtenstein chose the colorful ground cover ophiopogon japonicus.

Keyword
Commission
Related Works
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Provenance
Pontiac Land Group, Singapore, 1997 (by commission)
Literature
Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. Lichtenstein: Sculpture and Drawings. Washington, D.C.: Corcoran Gallery of Art, 1999. Exhibition catalogue (1998 Mexico City Museo del Palacio), n.p. facing p. 200 b/w ill. (Element D; in situ), [not exhibited].
Bandlow, Karen. Roy Lichtenstein und Ostasien. Studien zur internationalen Architektur- und Kunstgeschichte 59. Petersberg, Germany: Michael Imhof Verlag, 2007, no. 106 p. 86 color ill. (in situ), no. 117 p. 97 color ill. (Element A, in situ), no. 118 p. 98 color ill. (Elements A, B, D, in situ), no. 119 p. 99 color ill. (Element B, in situ), no. 120 p. 100 color ill. (Element D, in situ), no. 121 p. 100 color ill. (Element C, in situ).
Wolfe, Julie. Roy Lichtenstein: Outdoor Painted Sculpture. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 2023, no. 4.12 p. 78 color ill. (Element C; in situ).

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